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CARL AZUZ: Hi, I'm Carl Azuz.
Welcome back to CNN 10.
For more than seven hours on Monday,
a US government official and a Russian government official
held a meeting.
Its main focus was on recent events
in the nation of Ukraine.
For almost eight years now, there's been an armed conflict
in Eastern Ukraine.
Russia supports the forces there that
are fighting for independence from the Ukrainian government.
The US supports the Ukrainian government,
which wants a lasting cease fire in the conflict and for Russia
to stay out of it.
A big reason why Ukraine is important to both America
and Russia is its geography.
The nation is uniquely positioned
between East and West.
The US and its allies in Europe want to limit
Russia's influence in Europe.
Russia wants to limit the influence of America and Europe
in the country on its western border.
So there are international tensions here in addition
to the Civil conflict taking place inside Ukraine.
Russia has gathered more than 100,000 troops near the border,
and America and its allies are concerned that Russia
is preparing to invade.
Russia says its troops are inside Russian territory
for military exercises only not to invade Ukraine.
In December, the Biden Administration quietly
authorized $200 million worth of additional security assistance
to Ukraine that includes weapons,
military and defensive equipment and American officials
say more of that could be on the way.
There are several meetings between the US and Russia
scheduled this week.
They're aimed at bringing down tensions in the region,
but both countries said Monday's event did not
result in any breakthroughs.
We mentioned yesterday how there been
major differences in how different places
have responded to coronavirus.
In Austria, for instance, people over age 12
can't go to the movies, stay at a hotel
or get a haircut unless they prove they've
been fully vaccinated or that they
recently recovered from COVID.
In Mexico, there are few to no restrictions
on travel or activities.
Visitors don't even need to test negative for COVID
to get into the country.
Mexico's government has been criticized
for not doing enough to stop the virus's spread.
Austria and other European nations
have seen massive protests in criticism of the restrictions
they've put in place, and some people get stuck
even after following the rules.
WILL RIPLEY: In zero-COVID Hong Kong,
pandemic protocols have paralyzed
this once busy travel hub.
The arrival process that used to take minutes
now drags on for hours.
Mandatory testing at the airport,
waiting hours for the results.
The lucky ones test negative and spend up to 21 days
in self paid hotel quarantine.
Darryl Chan is not one of the lucky ones.
DARRYL CHAN: I had both of my jabs.
I've been boosted.
I didn't ever think that I would actually
test positive on arrival.
WILL RIPLEY: Thirteen hours after landing in Hong Kong,
Chan was in an ambulance.
His luggage left at the airport.
He tested positive for the Omicron variant.
Even without symptoms, his minimum hospital stay
is nearly a month.
Do you worry about your mental health
as these days turn into weeks?
DARRYL CHAN: Yeah, absolutely, because I've
never been in a situation like this before.
ELISABETH WONG: In general, there
is increased sense of isolation, anxiety
and in some severe cases even post-traumatic stress.
WILL RIPLEY: Hong Kong psychiatrist,
Dr. Elisabeth Wong, says longer quarantines
can be more traumatic.
ELISABETH WONG: And then we have a lot
of changes between the seven days
and the 14 days and 21 days and that
was when people reported more stress, especially
with longer period of quarantine.
WILL RIPLEY: Darryl's day begins with a wake up jingle.
- Attention please--
WILL RIPLEY: He takes his own vitals.
Calls and messages with friends and family help pass the time.
DARRYL CHAN: Social media has really helped actually.
It definitely makes you feel less alone.
WILL RIPLEY: One of his greatest struggles, sharing a room,
a bathroom, with two strangers.
DARRYL CHAN: But I think what has definitely impacted me
there so far is the feeling of just not having the freedom,
controlled wake up and bedtimes, not being able to control
what you can eat.
WILL RIPLEY: Hospital meals often consist of mystery meat.
The bigger mystery, Chan's release date.
He's supposed to start a new job, a new life, in Hong Kong.
What's the worst part of this?
DARRYL CHAN: I think the worst part is not knowing
when I'll be able to get out.
WILL RIPLEY: For now, all he can do is wait.
From his hospital bed freedom, feels like a lifetime away.
CARL AZUZ: A relatively recent theory about sleep
is the subject of our next report today.
In his research, a historian at Virginia Tech University
came across a European legal document dating back to 1697.
It referred to something called a first sleep.
Looking deeper, he eventually discovered more than 2,000
references over previous centuries to what he determined
was biphasic or two phase sleep, when people slept
for a while woke up to eat pray talk or take medicine
and then went back to sleep again.
Mentions of first and second sleep
reportedly appear in diaries, medical texts, literary works
and prayer books.
And the historian theorized that people in the Western world who
have trouble sleeping through the night now
may be experiencing a sort of echo, a harkening
back to how their European ancestors slept in two phases.
The theory is controversial.
There are manuscripts hundreds of years
older than medieval or renaissance texts that refer
to sleeping through the night.
Scholars who've studied historical references to sleep
in other parts of the world say they haven't seen anything
about sleeping in two phases.
And some sleep experts say modern people shouldn't force
themselves to try biphasic sleep,
especially if it reduces the total time they spend sleeping.
However, the findings are food for thought.
They're helping historians and modern sleep experts
alike better understand how people have
gotten shuteye in the past.
- 10 second trivia, which of these languages is the oldest?
Greek, Farsi or Persian, Chinese, or Arabic.
Written evidence indicates that Greek, which dates back
to around 1,400 BC, is the oldest
spoken language on this list.
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CARL AZUZ: The experiment analyzed the brains
of 18 different dogs as they listen to words
in different languages.
The goal to determine whether man's best friend can become
bilingual.
The outcome, well, the study did find that the dog's brain
activity was much stronger when they
heard nonsense words instead of actual speech in any language.
But it also indicated there's a lot they can learn.
LYNDA KINKADE: When Kun-Kun, the Border Collie, and his owner
moved from Mexico to Hungary, both were
immersed in a new language.
LAURA V. CUAYA: Here people are really friendly with the dogs.
So they are talking all the time to Kun-Kun.
But I was wondering if we can detect this different language.
LYNDA KINKADE: So Kun-Kun's owner
set out to find an answer.
She and a team of researchers in Budapest
designed an experiment with 18 dogs
to see if they can differentiate language.
With their owners present and the ability
to leave the scanner at any point, each of the dogs brains
were analyzed with MRI scanning as they
heard either Hungarian, Spanish or scrambled speech.
Two of the pups were familiar with Spanish.
The other 16 were used to hearing Hungarian.
ATTILA ANDICS: What we see from these results
is that they do pay attention.
They do pick up on these auditory irregularities
piece that characterize a certain language.
- [foreign language]
LYNDA KINKADE: Scans show different parts of the dog's
brains were activated when a familiar language was spoken
versus an unfamiliar one as well as when non-sense was
spoken versus authentic speech.
The researchers also found that the older the dog
the better its brain was able to distinguish between languages.
LAURA V. CUAYA: It's a fact how dogs are social beings.
So they are all the time pick up information
about the social world.
For the dogs, humans, we are an important source
of information.
LYNDA KINKADE: Kun-Kun, who was one of the study participants,
already knew as much.
- [spanish]
LYNDA KINKADE: So while Fido may not be exactly bilingual,
they may be hearing much more than you think.
Lynda Kinkade, CNN.
CARL AZUZ: Of course, it all makes sense.
When you consider German Shepherds, Chinese Crested,
Portuguese Water Dogs, Irish Wolfhound, English Cocker
Spaniels, French Bulldogs, Italian Greyhounds, Bernese
Mountain Dogs, Dutch Shepherds, and Hungarian Vizlas,
all you really got to do is throw them a bone.
I'm Carl Azuz.
Today's shoutout goes out to Great Bridge High School.
Thank you for watching from Chesapeake, Virginia,
also thank you for your comments on our YouTube channel.
Have a great day.
We look forward to seeing you all tomorrow.
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